{"id":82255,"date":"2026-03-27T06:00:39","date_gmt":"2026-03-26T21:00:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thekoreantoday.com\/pohang\/2026\/03\/27\/wia-languages-uru-43-221-aymar-aru\/"},"modified":"2026-03-27T06:00:45","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T21:00:45","slug":"wia-languages-uru-43-221-aymar-aru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thekoreantoday.com\/pohang\/2026\/03\/27\/wia-languages-uru-43-221-aymar-aru\/","title":{"rendered":"WIA Languages Uru 43\/221 – Aymar Aru"},"content":{"rendered":"

WIA Languages Uru 43\/221 – Aymar Aru <\/p>\n

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WIA Languages Uru 43\/221 – Aymar aru (Aymara)<\/h1>\n<\/header>\n

“Nayra pacha qhipa pacha.”
(Nayra pachaxa nayrankawixa, qhipa pachaxa qhipankawixa. \u2014 Aymaranakana pachamama arunakapa.)<\/small> <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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Nayr\u00efri \u2014 Historia<\/h2>\n

Aymar aruxa aka uraqpachana jach’a pata uraqinakapana arusi\u00f1atakiwa \u2014 Altiplano satawa, Antikuyu qullunakapata, Bolivia, Per\u00fa, Chile ukhamaraki Argentina markanakata, 3.500 ukata 4.500 metros patjaru jach’a. Aymar aruxa waranqa waranqa maranakawa sar\u00e4na Titicaca qutana qhipa uraqinakana nayr\u00efri jach’a markanakapampi chikachasi\u00f1a.<\/p>\n

Tiwanaku jach’a markawa \u2014 500 ukata 1000 maranakapana chiqapa qhananchata \u2014 aymar aru parliri jach’a marka ukhamawa iyawsata. Titicaca qutana aynachana utjata, Tiwanaku markaxa Am\u00e9rica del Sur jach’a nayr\u00efri uraqipachana jach’a markanakapata mayniwa. Intipunku (Puerta del Sol) sata, Akapana pir\u00e1mide ukhamaraki manqha templonakapa u\u00f1acht’ayi jach’a yati\u00f1anakapa.<\/p>\n

Inka jach’a markaxa 15 pataka maranakana Antikuyu qullunakata jach’aptayasina, aymar jach’a markanakata apthap\u00efna ukhamaraki Quechua aruta kamachi aru utt’ay\u00e4na. Ukampisa, aymar aruxa wali ch’amaniwa. Taqpacha Inka pachanxa, aymar aruxa aynachana Antikuyunakana jil\u00efri aruwa parlt\u00e4na.<\/p>\n

Espa\u00f1a coloniaxa 16 pataka maranakana qallt\u00e4na, aymar aruxa nayraqata qillqata cat\u00f3lica misioneronakapawa u\u00f1stayapx\u00e4na. Italia Jesuita Ludovico Bertonio 1612 marana aymar arunxa jach’a aru pirwa ukhamaraki gram\u00e1tica qillq\u00e4na, Am\u00e9rica ind\u00edgena aru taypina jach’a qillqatanakapata mayniwa. Waranqa waranqa maranaka coloniana llakisi\u00f1anakapa, Potos\u00ed qullqi apanakanxa llamp’u irnaqawinakapa ukhamaraki ind\u00edgena jakinakata jan wali u\u00f1jawinakapa sarantayasa, aymar aru parlirinakawa pata uraqinakana arupata wali ch’amani jark’aqapx\u00e4na.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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Jichha pacha \u2014 Actualidad<\/h2>\n

2025 marakamawa, aymar aruxa 1.7 mill\u00f3n jakinakawa Bolivia, Per\u00fa ukhamaraki Chile markanakana arsu. Bolivia markana, 2009 mara constituci\u00f3n ukana Presidente Evo Morales \u2014 paypacha aymar aru parliri ind\u00edgena irpiriwa \u2014 36 ind\u00edgena arunakawa espa\u00f1ol arupampi chikapana oficiales sata utt’ay\u00e4na. Per\u00fa markansti, aymar aruxa Puno ukhamaraki Tacna departamentonakanwa cooficial sata u\u00f1t’ata.<\/p>\n

Aymar aruxa Aymar aru ayllupawa, ukawa aislado aru familianaka sata iyawsata \u2014 janiwa kunsa aru ayllupampixa chiqapa jakhu\u00f1at\u00e4kiti sata. Yaqhipa ling\u00fcistanakawa Quechua arupampi mayachata (“Quechumaran”) satawa sa\u00f1apx\u00e4na, ukampisa jichha yatxatirinakaxa qhawqha waranqa mara jaktasi\u00f1atpachawa sarakipapxi.<\/p>\n

Aymar aruna fonolog\u00eda ukawa kimsa jan jikxatata consonante arunakaniwa: llusk’a, phust’ata ukhamaraki t’aqata. Aka kimsa thakhi \u2014 mayni articulaci\u00f3n chiqanxa kimsa jan u\u00f1tata arunaka luratawa \u2014 aymar aruru wali ch’amani ukhamaraki jan u\u00f1tata uraqpachana arunakapa taypina u\u00f1t’ay\u00e4na.<\/p>\n

Ling\u00fcistanakana amuyupa apayi ukawa aymar aruna pacha amuyupa. Taqpacha yaqha arunakanxa, jut\u00efri pachaxa “nayra” ukankawiwa parliripatxa ukhamaraki sar\u00e4ri pachaxa “qhipa” ukankawiwa. Aymar aruxa taqpachata jan ukhamawa: sar\u00e4ri pacha (nayra) nayrankawiwa janiwa u\u00f1ja\u00f1jam\u00e4kiti sata, ukhamaraki jut\u00efri pacha (qhipa) qhipankawiwa janiwa u\u00f1jat\u00e4kiti sata. Aka amuyuxa uraqpachana yaqha aru taypina janiwa u\u00f1jat\u00e4kiti.<\/p>\n

\"Bolivia <\/p>\n

[The Korean Today] Bolivia markana Titicaca quta ukhamaraki Antikuyu pata uraqi nayr\u00efri marka u\u00f1acht’awi \u00a9 The Korean Today Qillqiri Uta<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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Aru qamasa \u2014 Tesoros ling\u00fc\u00edsticos<\/h2>\n

Pacha amuyupata sipansa, aymar aruxa yaqha wali jach’a aru qamasa utjiwa: evidencialidad sata gram\u00e1tica chiqapa-u\u00f1tayiri. Aymar aru verbonakaxa parlir\u00efri yatiya\u00f1apa chiqapa u\u00f1t’aya\u00f1apawa. “Jutaskiwa” (Jutawayi \u2014 nankapachawa u\u00f1jta) yaqha gram\u00e1tica chiqapatawa “Jutataynawa” (Jutawayi \u2014 yatiyasitawa) ukata. Aka amuyuxa janiwa aymar arunxa kunsa chiqapata ars\u00fc\u00f1jam\u00e4kiti janiwa u\u00f1jtamaspa, ist’tamaspa jan ukasti amuyumaspa sasa u\u00f1t’aya\u00f1ampi.<\/p>\n

“Janiw sarnaqanax jan amtanampixa utjkiti”<\/strong> \u2014 aka aru amuyuxa aymar pacha amuyupa qhana\u00f1chiwa. Janiwa nayra sara\u00f1jam\u00e4kiti (jut\u00efri pacharu, qhipankawiwa) jan amta\u00f1ampixa (sar\u00e4ri pacha, nayrankawiwa, u\u00f1jata ukhamaraki yatita).<\/p>\n

Pachamama (Uraqi Tayka) amuyuxa taqpacha aymar aru ukhamaraki jakawinakapana utjiwa. Yapuchirinakawa yapunakapa sata\u00f1a nayraxa ch’alla lurawi lurapxi, chicha (tuqu) uraqiru wayt’apxiwa. Aymar aruxa 200 sata papa arunakaniwa \u2014 aymar jakinakawa nayr\u00efri papa yapuchirinakapa ukhamata aka uraqpachana manq’a manq’ayiri.<\/p>\n

Aymar sawu yatxatawinakawa jach’a yatiyawinaka sawunakana u\u00f1acht’ayi. Aguayo \u2014 nayr\u00efri apthapi isi \u2014 geometr\u00eda u\u00f1acht’awinakawa sawurina ayllu, jakawinakapampi yatiyawinaka u\u00f1acht’ayaspa. Sawu lurawi aymar aruxa wali jach’a arunakaniwa, pachpa arunakawa pataka pataka sawu u\u00f1acht’awinaka, sawu thakhinaka ukhamaraki sami jaqthapinaka sata u\u00f1t’ata.<\/p>\n

Aymar Machaq Mara, Willkakuti (Inti Kutt’awi) sata, 21 uru junio killpana jallu pacha inti jalanxa luras\u00efna, uraqpachana inti yati\u00f1anakapa ukhamaraki aymar aru taypina jach’a jakthapisi\u00f1awa u\u00f1acht’ayi. Aymar ayllunakaxa Tiwanaku nayr\u00efri chiqanakanawa nayr\u00efri inti jalanta u\u00f1ch’ukipxi.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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WIA aruskipawi \u2014 Promesa<\/h2>\n

WIA Aru Yatiqa\u00f1 Uta aymar aruta uraqpachana jach’a aru u\u00f1t’awixa u\u00f1t’ay\u00e4na. Kutikutita pacha amuyupa, gram\u00e1tica evidencialidad ukhamaraki jach’a uraqi aru qamasa taqpacha jakina qamasa ukhamawa. WIA taqpacha aymar aru jach’a archivu digital lura\u00f1a aruskipata \u2014 gram\u00e1tica amuyunakapa ukhamaraki filosof\u00eda amuyunakapata asta ritual aru, sawu aru qamasa ukhamaraki yapu yati\u00f1anaka.<\/p>\n

WIA archivupaxa aymar aru parlirinakana arupata Bolivia, Per\u00fa ukhamaraki Chile markanakata u\u00f1stayasiniwa, jaljata arunaka ukhamaraki ayllu ayllu aru qamasanaka jark’aqa\u00f1ataki. Pachamama lurawi, coca laphi qhawa\u00f1 nayr\u00efri yatxatawinaka ukhamaraki inti yati\u00f1anaka jark’aqa\u00f1ampi, WIA jan jikxatata aru qamasa wi\u00f1ayatakiwa jark’aqa\u00f1apa u\u00f1t’ayi.<\/p>\n

\"Aymar <\/p>\n

[The Korean Today] Nayr\u00efri aymar sawu u\u00f1acht’awinakana digital archivu kutiyawi \u00a9 The Korean Today Qillqiri Uta<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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Jut\u00efri pacha \u2014 Futuro<\/h2>\n

Aymar aruna jut\u00efri pachapaxa jach’a jan wali sarawinakampiwa, uraqi uraqita markamarkata sara\u00f1a, espa\u00f1ol arunxa yatiqa\u00f1ana ukhamaraki medios comunicacionanxa jil\u00efriwa, ukhamaraki wawanakaru aru yaticha\u00f1ana wali ch’amawa. Ukampisa, Bolivia markana ind\u00edgena jakinakana ch’ama katjasi\u00f1apa, uraqpachana yatxatirinakanxa aymar aruna jan u\u00f1tata aru qamasanakapata jach’a amuyt’awi, ukhamaraki aru jark’aqa\u00f1 digital thakhinakawa kusisi\u00f1 churasiniwa. WIA wi\u00f1aya digital archivupaxa jakinakana sarawinakapa kunkam\u00e4kipana, taqpacha aymar aruna jach’a ukhamaraki qhana\u00f1chata qamasaxa jut\u00efri maranakat jark’aqatawa.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

“Aski urukipanam.”
(Wali uru katjam. \u2014 Nayr\u00efri aymar aruskipa\u00f1a Antikuyu intina junt’u\u00f1apampi.)<\/small> <\/p><\/blockquote>\n